Agentic workload PD separation analysis with trace-driven benchmarks

Systematic study of prefill-decode disaggregation for agentic LLM workloads
using production GLM-5.1 coder trace (2.1M requests, 71B input tokens).

Key findings:
- Cache-aware routing improves TPOT p90 by 15% and APC from 20.8% to 44.7%
  without PD separation, matching PD-Sep's decode isolation benefit
- PD separation adds +72% TTFT overhead (KV transfer) with no TPOT gain
  when using the same cache-aware scheduler
- Prefill remains compute-bound even at 95% KV cache reuse (AI >1000x
  vs decode AI <2), but absolute FLOPs drop 71% from cache hits
- For agentic MoE workloads, cache-aware routing > PD separation

Infrastructure:
- Trace sampler preserving session structure + hash_ids for prefix sharing
- Async trace replayer with streaming TTFT/TPOT/E2E measurement
- Unified cache-aware + token-level load-balanced global scheduler proxy
  supporting both PD-colocated and PD-disaggregated (Mooncake/RDMA) modes
- vLLM 0.18.1 scheduler patch for KV transfer abort race condition
- Roofline analysis tool for prefill/decode compute characterization

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
2026-05-21 21:21:57 +08:00
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"""Sample sessions from the full cluster-scale trace to fit a single machine.
Preserves:
- Complete session structure (all turns within a session kept together)
- Original arrival timing (inter-session and intra-session gaps)
- hash_ids for KV cache reuse patterns
- Request type distribution
Sampling strategy:
1. Group requests by session (derived from parent_chat_id chains)
2. Randomly sample N sessions (or until target request count reached)
3. Re-zero timestamps so first event starts at t=0
4. Optionally compress time axis to increase load density
Usage:
python scripts/sample_trace.py \\
--input ~/ali-trace/trace-glm5.1-formatted/051315-051317.jsonl \\
--output traces/sampled.jsonl \\
--target-requests 5000 \\
--seed 42
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import argparse
import collections
import json
import random
import sys
from pathlib import Path
def load_raw_rows(path: Path) -> dict[str, list[dict]]:
"""Load trace, group rows by resolved session_id. Preserve file order."""
chat_to_session: dict[int, str] = {}
rows_by_session: dict[str, list[dict]] = collections.OrderedDict()
with path.open("r", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
for line in fh:
row = json.loads(line)
cid = int(row["chat_id"])
pid = int(row["parent_chat_id"])
if "session_id" in row:
sid = str(row["session_id"])
elif pid < 0:
sid = str(cid)
else:
sid = chat_to_session.get(pid, str(pid))
chat_to_session[cid] = sid
row["_session_id"] = sid
rows_by_session.setdefault(sid, []).append(row)
return rows_by_session
def sample_sessions(
rows_by_session: dict[str, list[dict]],
*,
target_requests: int,
seed: int,
strategy: str = "random",
) -> list[str]:
"""Select sessions until target request count is reached."""
all_sids = list(rows_by_session.keys())
rng = random.Random(seed)
if strategy == "random":
rng.shuffle(all_sids)
elif strategy == "sequential":
pass # keep file order
else:
raise ValueError(f"Unknown strategy: {strategy}")
selected = []
total = 0
for sid in all_sids:
selected.append(sid)
total += len(rows_by_session[sid])
if total >= target_requests:
break
return selected
def build_output(
rows_by_session: dict[str, list[dict]],
selected: list[str],
*,
time_scale: float = 1.0,
) -> list[dict]:
"""Build output rows with re-zeroed timestamps."""
out_rows = []
for sid in selected:
for row in rows_by_session[sid]:
out = {k: v for k, v in row.items() if not k.startswith("_")}
out["session_id"] = sid
out_rows.append(out)
out_rows.sort(key=lambda r: float(r["timestamp"]))
if not out_rows:
return out_rows
# Re-zero: subtract earliest timestamp
t0 = float(out_rows[0]["timestamp"])
for row in out_rows:
row["timestamp"] = (float(row["timestamp"]) - t0) / time_scale
return out_rows
def print_summary(
rows_by_session: dict[str, list[dict]],
selected: list[str],
out_rows: list[dict],
) -> None:
n_sessions = len(selected)
n_requests = len(out_rows)
turns_per_session = [len(rows_by_session[s]) for s in selected]
multi_turn = sum(1 for t in turns_per_session if t > 1)
input_lens = [r["input_length"] for r in out_rows]
output_lens = [r["output_length"] for r in out_rows]
span_s = float(out_rows[-1]["timestamp"]) if out_rows else 0
session_starts = {}
for r in out_rows:
sid = r["session_id"]
ts = float(r["timestamp"])
if sid not in session_starts:
session_starts[sid] = ts
starts_sorted = sorted(session_starts.values())
deltas = [starts_sorted[i+1] - starts_sorted[i]
for i in range(len(starts_sorted) - 1)]
# hash_ids overlap: count unique hash_ids across all requests
all_hashes = set()
for r in out_rows:
all_hashes.update(r.get("hash_ids", []))
print(f"Sampled: {n_sessions} sessions, {n_requests} requests")
print(f" Multi-turn sessions: {multi_turn} ({multi_turn/n_sessions*100:.1f}%)")
print(f" Turns/session: min={min(turns_per_session)} max={max(turns_per_session)} "
f"avg={sum(turns_per_session)/len(turns_per_session):.1f}")
print(f" Input length: min={min(input_lens)} max={max(input_lens)} "
f"avg={sum(input_lens)/len(input_lens):.0f}")
print(f" Output length: min={min(output_lens)} max={max(output_lens)} "
f"avg={sum(output_lens)/len(output_lens):.0f}")
print(f" Trace span: {span_s:.1f}s ({span_s/60:.1f} min)")
print(f" Unique hash blocks: {len(all_hashes)}")
if deltas:
deltas.sort()
p = lambda q: deltas[min(int(q * len(deltas)), len(deltas) - 1)]
print(f" Session arrival deltas (s): p10={p(0.1):.2f} p50={p(0.5):.2f} "
f"p90={p(0.9):.2f} max={max(deltas):.2f}")
def main() -> None:
p = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__,
formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter)
p.add_argument("--input", type=Path, required=True,
help="Path to the full trace JSONL file")
p.add_argument("--output", type=Path, required=True,
help="Path to write sampled trace JSONL")
p.add_argument("--target-requests", type=int, default=5000,
help="Target number of requests (stops after session that crosses it)")
p.add_argument("--strategy", choices=["random", "sequential"], default="random",
help="Session selection strategy")
p.add_argument("--time-scale", type=float, default=1.0,
help="Compress time axis by this factor (>1 = faster arrival)")
p.add_argument("--seed", type=int, default=42)
args = p.parse_args()
print(f"Loading trace from {args.input} ...")
rows_by_session = load_raw_rows(args.input)
total_sessions = len(rows_by_session)
total_requests = sum(len(v) for v in rows_by_session.values())
print(f"Full trace: {total_sessions} sessions, {total_requests} requests")
selected = sample_sessions(
rows_by_session,
target_requests=args.target_requests,
seed=args.seed,
strategy=args.strategy,
)
out_rows = build_output(
rows_by_session, selected,
time_scale=args.time_scale,
)
print_summary(rows_by_session, selected, out_rows)
args.output.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
with args.output.open("w", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
for row in out_rows:
fh.write(json.dumps(row, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")
print(f"\nWrote {len(out_rows)} rows to {args.output}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()